Back to top Open menu arrow
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

The Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry
Access icon

This article is available to members only. Please enjoy the abstract for free. Subscribe for instant access to the full article.

This content is restricted to subscribers

Continue Reading...

Did you know members enjoy unlimited free PDF downloads as part of their subscription? Subscribe today for instant access to this article and our entire library in your preferred format. Alternatively, you can purchase the PDF of this article individually.

Subscribe Now

Already a member? Login

  1. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  2. Department of Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
  3. Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
  4. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  5. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  6. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  7. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  8. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  9. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  10. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  11. Big Data Research Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
  12. Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
  13. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  14. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  15. CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, PR China
  16. Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
  17. This author contributed equally in the role of corresponding author.
  18. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Engineering Technology Research Center (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
  19. Corresponding author: TianHong Zhang MD,PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (No.13dz2260500), Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Nan Rd, Shanghai 200030, China ([email protected]).
  1. Fusar-Poli P, Borgwardt S, Bechdolf A, et al. The psychosis high-risk state: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70(1):107–120. PubMed CrossRef
  2. Fusar-Poli P, Davies C, Solmi M, et al. Preventive treatments for psychosis: umbrella review (just the evidence). Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:764. PubMed CrossRef
  3. Fusar-Poli P, Salazar de Pablo G, Correll CU, et al. Prevention of psychosis: advances in detection, prognosis, and intervention. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020;77(7):755–765. PubMed CrossRef
  4. Woods SW, Bearden CE, Sabb FW, et al. Counterpoint. early intervention for psychosis risk syndromes: minimizing risk and maximizing benefit. Schizophr Res. 2021;227:10–17. PubMed
  5. Schultze-Lutter F, Michel C, Ruhrmann S, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of DSM-5-attenuated psychosis syndrome in adolescents and young adults in the general population: the Bern Epidemiological At-Risk (BEAR) study. Schizophr Bull. 2014;40(6):1499–1508. PubMed CrossRef
  6. Leucht S, Crippa A, Siafis S, et al. Dose-response meta-analysis of antipsychotic drugs for acute schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2020;177(4):342–353. PubMed CrossRef
  7. McCutcheon RA, Pillinger T, Mizuno Y, et al. The efficacy and heterogeneity of antipsychotic response in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26(4):1310–1320. PubMed CrossRef
  8. McGorry PD, Yung AR, Phillips LJ, et al. Randomized controlled trial of interventions designed to reduce the risk of progression to first-episode psychosis in a clinical sample with subthreshold symptoms. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59(10):921–928. PubMed CrossRef
  9. Woods SW, Breier A, Zipursky RB, et al. Randomized trial of olanzapine versus placebo in the symptomatic acute treatment of the schizophrenic prodrome. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(4):453–464. PubMed CrossRef
  10. McGlashan TH, Zipursky RB, Perkins D, et al. Randomized, double-blind trial of olanzapine versus placebo in patients prodromally symptomatic for psychosis. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(5):790–799. PubMed CrossRef
  11. Zhang T, Xu L, Tang X, et al. Real-world effectiveness of antipsychotic treatment in psychosis prevention in a 3-year cohort of 517 individuals at clinical high risk from the SHARP (ShangHai at risk for psychosis). Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2020;54(7):696–706. PubMed CrossRef
  12. Galletly C, Castle D, Dark F, et al. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2016;50(5):410–472. PubMed CrossRef
  13. Taylor M, Perera U. NICE CG178 psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: treatment and management—an evidence-based guideline? Br J Psychiatry. 2015;206(5):357–359. PubMed CrossRef
  14. Raballo A, Poletti M. Overlooking the transition elephant in the ultra-high-risk room: are we missing functional equivalents of transition to psychosis? Psychol Med. 2019;29:1–4. PubMed
  15. Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Meta-analyzing the prevalence and prognostic effect of antipsychotic exposure in clinical high-risk (CHR): when things are not what they seem. Psychol Med. 2020;50(16):2673–2681. PubMed CrossRef
  16. Nelson B, Yung AR. Can clinicians predict psychosis in an ultra high risk group? Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2010;44(7):625–630. PubMed CrossRef
  17. McGorry PD, Nelson B, Amminger GP, et al. Intervention in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: a review and future directions. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(9):1206–1212. PubMed CrossRef
  18. Wu G, Gan R, Li Z, et al. Real-world effectiveness and safety of antipsychotics in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: study protocol for a prospective observational study (ShangHai at risk for psychosis-phase 2). Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2019;15:3541–3548. PubMed CrossRef
  19. Miller TJ, McGlashan TH, Rosen JL, et al. Prospective diagnosis of the initial prodrome for schizophrenia based on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes: preliminary evidence of interrater reliability and predictive validity. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(5):863–865. PubMed CrossRef
  20. Miller TJ, McGlashan TH, Rosen JL, et al. Prospective diagnosis of the initial prodrome for schizophrenia based on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes: preliminary evidence of interrater reliability and predictive validity. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(5):863–865. PubMed CrossRef
  21. Aas IH. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF): properties and frontier of current knowledge. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2010;9(1):20. PubMed CrossRef
  22. Raballo A, Larøi F. Psychosis risk syndrome and DSM-5: time for a dimensional approach to at-risk mental states? Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2011;5(3):155–158. PubMed CrossRef
  23. Raballo A, Nelson B, Thompson A, et al. The comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states: from mapping the onset to mapping the structure. Schizophr Res. 2011;127(1-3):107–114. PubMed CrossRef
  24. Preti A, Raballo A, Meneghelli A, et al. Antipsychotics are related to psychometric conversion to psychosis in ultra-high-risk youth [online ahead of print May 5, 2021]. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2021;eip.13158. PubMed CrossRef
  25. Zhang T, Xu L, Wei Y, et al. When to initiate antipsychotic treatment for psychotic symptoms: at the premorbid phase or first episode of psychosis? Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2021;55(3):314–323. PubMed CrossRef
  26. Schlosser DA, Jacobson S, Chen Q, et al. Recovery from an at-risk state: clinical and functional outcomes of putatively prodromal youth who do not develop psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2012;38(6):1225–1233. PubMed CrossRef
  27. Perez VB, Woods SW, Roach BJ, et al. Automatic auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia and clinical high-risk patients: forecasting psychosis risk with mismatch negativity. Biol Psychiatry. 2014;75(6):459–469. PubMed CrossRef
  28. Bang M, Park JY, Kim KR, et al. Psychotic conversion of individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: the potential roles of schizotypy and basic symptoms. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2019;13(3):546–554. PubMed CrossRef
  29. NICE NIfHaCE. Psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: prevention and management. Clinical guideline. NICE website. nice.org.uk/guidance/cg178/chapter/1-recommendations. 2014. Accessed June 21, 2021.
  30. Buchanan RW, Kreyenbuhl J, Kelly DL, et al; Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT). The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychopharmacological treatment recommendations and summary statements. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36(1):71–93. PubMed CrossRef
  31. Bretler T, Weisberg H, Koren O, et al. The effects of antipsychotic medications on microbiome and weight gain in children and adolescents. BMC Med. 2019;17(1):112. PubMed CrossRef
  32. Schultze-Lutter F, Schimmelmann BG, Flückiger R, et al. Effects of age and sex on clinical high-risk for psychosis in the community. World J Psychiatry. 2020;10(5):101–124. PubMed CrossRef
  33. Kelleher I, Keeley H, Corcoran P, et al. Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies. Br J Psychiatry. 2012;201(1):26–32. PubMed CrossRef
  34. Schimmelmann BG, Michel C, Martz-Irngartinger A, et al. Age matters in the prevalence and clinical significance of ultra-high-risk for psychosis symptoms and criteria in the general population: findings from the BEAR and BEARS-kid studies. World Psychiatry. 2015;14(2):189–197. PubMed CrossRef
  35. Ju M, Wang J, Xu L, et al. Frequency of self-reported psychotic symptoms among 2,542 outpatients at their first visit for mental health services. Psychiatry. 2021;84(1):57–67. PubMed CrossRef
  36. Zhang TH, Li HJ, Woodberry KA, et al. Two-year follow-up of a Chinese sample at clinical high risk for psychosis: timeline of symptoms, help-seeking and conversion. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2017;26(3):287–298. PubMed CrossRef
  37. Lencz T, Smith CW, Auther AM, et al. The assessment of “prodromal schizophrenia”: unresolved issues and future directions. Schizophr Bull. 2003;29(4):717–728. PubMed CrossRef
  38. Tso IF, Taylor SF, Grove TB, et al. Factor analysis of the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms: data from the early detection and intervention for the prevention of psychosis program. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2017;11(1):14–22. PubMed CrossRef
  39. Piskulic D, Addington J, Cadenhead KS, et al. Negative symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2012;196(2-3):220–224. PubMed CrossRef
  40. Healey KM, Penn DL, Perkins D, et al. Latent profile analysis and conversion to psychosis: characterizing subgroups to enhance risk prediction. Schizophr Bull. 2018;44(2):286–296. PubMed CrossRef
  41. Marder SR, Galderisi S. The current conceptualization of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. World Psychiatry. 2017;16(1):14–24. PubMed CrossRef
  42. Fusar-Poli P, Cappucciati M, Borgwardt S, et al. Heterogeneity of psychosis risk within individuals at clinical high risk: a meta-analytical stratification. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73(2):113–120. PubMed CrossRef
  43. Zhang T, Xu L, Li H, et al. Individualized risk components guiding antipsychotic delivery in patients with a clinical high risk of psychosis: application of a risk calculator. Psychol Med. 2021;17:1–10. PubMed CrossRef

Save Save

Share Share

Cite Cite

Read the Current Issue

Vol 85, 2024 3

Can Our Collective Experiences As Clinicians Improve Mental Health Care?

SSRI Discontinuation and AUD Relapse

Reproductive Pharmacovigilance and Best Practices

Olanzapine and Mirtazapine for Cancer-Related Anorexia

Economic Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

Functional Unblinding in Pivotal Studies and the Future of Psychedelic Medicine
View current Issue

Celebrating
85 Years

Read the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Subscribe to read
more articles

Subscribe