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In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in understanding factors that may modify the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Known genetic risk factors include mutations of the presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin 2 (PS2), and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele. The relatively uncommon PS1, PS2, and APP mutations cause a form of the disorder typically characterized by dementia onset before the age of 60 and autosomal dominant inheritance.’ ‹