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Acute and chronic stress causes psychiatric symptoms,physiologic malfunction, and structural and chemical neurobiologicalalterations. The elevated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis cortisol levels seen in depression as well as in stressreactions suggest that some depressions may be a type of stressdisorder. This excellent new volume reviews research evidencefor the basis of the relationship between traumatic events anddepressive illness.’ ‹